The Maurya Empire, often referred to as the Mauryan Empire, was a geographically large Iron Age historical power in historic India, dominated with the aid of the Maurya dynasty from 322–185 BCE. Originating from the dominion of Magadha in the Indo-Gangetic simple (modern-day Bihar, jap Uttar Pradesh) within the japanese part of the Indian subcontinent, the empire had its capital city at Pataliputra (cutting-edge Patna).The Empire used to be headquartered in 322 BCE by means of Chandragupta Maurya, who had overthrown the Nanda Dynasty and speedily accelerated his vigor westwards throughout primary and western India, alongside Chanakya's support, taking expertise of the disruptions of nearby powers in the wake of the withdrawal westward by means of Alexander the pleasant's armies. Through 316 BCE the empire had utterly occupied Northwestern India, defeating and conquering the satraps left by way of Alexander.Chandragupta then defeated the invasion led by means of Seleucus I, a Macedonian normal from Alexander's navy, gaining further territory west of the Indus River.
The Maurya Empire was once some of the biggest empires of the arena in its time. It used to be additionally the most important empire ever in the Indian subcontinent. At its greatest extent, the empire stretched to the north alongside the normal boundaries of the Himalayas, to the east into Assam, to the west into Balochistan (south west Pakistan and south east Iran) and the Hindu Kush mountains of what is now Afghanistan.The Empire was increased into India's principal and southern regions by the emperors Chandragupta and Bindusara, but it surely excluded a small part of unexplored tribal and forested areas near Kalinga (today's Odisha), until it was once conquered by means of Ashoka. It declined for about 50 years after Ashoka's rule ended, and it dissolved in 185 BCE with the basis of the Shunga dynasty in Magadha.
Under Chandragupta and his successors, internal and external trade, agriculture and financial hobbies, all thrived and extended across India because of the production of a single and effective system of finance, administration, and security. After the Kalinga warfare, the Empire skilled practically half of a century of peace and security beneath Ashoka. Mauryan India also enjoyed an generation of social harmony, religious transformation, and enlargement of the sciences and of potential. Chandragupta Maurya's embody of Jainism elevated social and religious renewal and reform across his society, whilst Ashoka's include of Buddhism has been stated to have been the groundwork of the reign of social and political peace and non-violence throughout all of India. Ashoka backed the spreading of Buddhist ideals into Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, West Asia and Mediterranean Europe.
The populace of the empire has been estimated to be about 50–60 million, making the Mauryan Empire some of the populous empires of Antiquity. Archaeologically, the period of Mauryan rule in South Asia falls into the generation of Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW). The Arthashastra and the Edicts of Ashoka are the essential sources of written documents of Mauryan occasions. The Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath has been made the national logo of India.
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